Security Sector Reform - 678 Words

SECURITY SECTOR REFORM Before I proceed, please allow me to give a sincere opinion on Lt Gen Gaudencio S. Pangilinan AFP (Ret) regarding his lecture on Security Sector Reform. These are what I think that makes Gen Pangilinan a good lecturer/speaker. He is a subject matter expert, knows the subject well, and can expand beyond basic concepts readily found in books. He communicates well and is very dedicated in what he is doing. Nothing new about Security Sector Reform (SSR) as we all know that SSR is a concept that was first developed in the 1990s in Eastern Europe. Since it has no fixed definition and no single model of a security sector exists, SSR generally refers to a process to reform or rebuild a states security sector. In†¦show more content†¦In those settings, making people feel safe and secure and (re)-building confidence between the State and its people is vital for sustainable peace and development. In different contexts, from Gen Pangilinan’s lecture, I was informed that SSR can even prevent conflicts or crises from emerging or resurging and it is also a process that many States undertake on a regular basis to respond to emerging threats or potential internal or external pressures. To conclude, the Philippines has yet to show its true colors but the time will come for the Philippines to rise as a key player regionally and internationally, provided these challenges have been addressed and resolved. For example, the lack of transparency in the security sector. Until today, the Philippines does not have a published national security white paper to inform the public of the government security policy and predicaments. Thus, with regards to the above matter, I have a few recommendations to overcome these challenges, because the Philippines is facing internal armed challenges affecting the good governance of the security sector, the government has to address the structural causes of internal armed conflicts, insurgency, terrorism and political unrests. Therefore, comprehensive structural reforms are imperative for SSR. Structural reformsShow MoreRelatedSecurity Sector Reform in Afghanistan841 Words   |  3 PagesSecurity Sector Reform (SSR) first emerged in the 1990s around Eastern Europe. SSR can help fix dysfunctional security sectors in countries emerging from years of internal warfare. The armed forces and police embrace a new mission of meeting the human security needs of their population. SSR targets all state institutions and ensures the security of the state and its people. Security Sector Reform is optional as well as a â€Å"normative concept.† Afghanistan is working on SSR and it is an ongoing struggleRead More(An Analysis of the Security Sector Reforms in Russia and Bulgaria)1300 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Security Sector Reforms in Russia and Bulgaria) Over the past twenty years, civilization has seen vast changes in which our society performs and operates. â€Å"Security sector is a broad term often used to describe the structures, institutions and personnel responsible for the management, provision and oversight of security in a country. These can include defense, law enforcement institutions, corrections, intelligence services, border management, customs, elements of the judicial sector, managementRead MoreThe Role Of Security Sector Reform And State Building1306 Words   |  6 Pages2.3 Security Sector Reform and State building Plans for security sector reform were drafted but were only implemented after Arafat’s death in 2004 and Abbas replacing him as president in January 2015 (Baimbridge, 2013: 57). Although the end of second intifada and the security reform ended years of relative anarchy, but it also made the PNA more authoritarian than it had previously been, apparent in the worsening human rights situation (International Crisis group, 2010: 131-133 from rock and hardRead MoreReformation in Security Sectors: Democracy Rules1105 Words   |  5 PagesWith the right idea about to reform the security sector, a nation has a much greater chance of reaching their goal of peace and democracy. There are many things that help in the contribution of security sector reform to sustainable peace such as how to best reform, analyzing other examples, understanding the impact of successful reform, understanding the transformation between different situations, and using examples to identify challenges with secu rity sector reform. One of the most importantRead MoreNational Peace Essay1334 Words   |  5 Pagesmay find itself back in a similar situation. That is precisely why security sector reform plays such a huge role in a countries well-being. Many security sectors in dictating countries are used to macabre displays of superiority to maintain control. Turning the security sector into trustworthy and approachable is no menial task, but it is essential to sustainable peace. New governments cannot be truly trusted unless the security sector protects its people instead of turning on them. For new and unstableRead MoreNational Peace and Security737 Words   |  3 PagesSecurity is everywhere. It is needed for virtually everything that is accessed today. From starting your car, to logging onto Facebook, to clocking in at work, security is always present. One of the most noticeable forms of security is the police and the Army. They are the security for the country, both for internal and external threats. Police are more internal security, dealing with crimes caused by the general population. Army deals with outside threats, by addressing situations that are overseasRead MoreHome of the Free and Land of the Secure1248 Words   |  5 Pagespeople from an oppressive society to one of security? Taking a look at the past, we can figure out what will work and what has failed. To reform the security sector we have to look inside and then work our way out in order to establish lasting peace. Both Liberia and Macedonia have displayed the problems and benefits that arise when trying to reform the Security Sector politically and in a post-war society. Force won’t work; countries that need reform have to be approached carefully. Countries thatRead MoreFinancial Sector Reforms : A Summary1074 Words   |  5 Pages2. FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS: A SUMMARY Indian Financial sector reforms aimed towards economic liberalization were initiated in 1991, in the backdrop of- a) The possibility of insolvency of the banking system which had been covering its problems with accounting practices b) The Balance of Payment (BoP) crisis influencing India’s credibility in foreign markets c) Various Economic Problems like that of the financial repression induced by very low levels of interest rates, the huge fiscal deficit, overregulationRead MoreSecurity Social Reform (SSR)822 Words   |  3 PagesSecurity Sector Reform, or SSR, is a type of governmental assistance in which another country supplies helpful support in the democratic direction. An example of this would be in Egypt when the United States Government helped develop their democracy. This sector also helps those who are used to being at war find places amongst society and be able to live their lives working a full time job, rather than a rebel outpost. The SSR uses the help of the citizens currently in place to form the democracyRead MoreChanges Of Indian Economy And The Social Sectors, Poverty, And Reform1432 Words   |  6 PagesSectorial changes in Indian Economy with reference to Liberalization, Privatization Globalization post 1991 - The social sectors, Poverty and Reform Introduction In July 1991 the new model of economic reforms in India know as Globalization, Liberalization and Privatization started to create an economy that was the fastest building economy. This reform was successful in terms of building the economy but as India has a diverse society the rapid growth bought inequalities in the society. As a consequence

Differences Between Ontological And Epistemological...

Different epistemologies? So far it seems that there are differences in questions the two research methods answer. It is necessary now to consider whether they imply different epistemologies, as this is often argued to be the case. For example, Schwartz-Shea and Yanow (2002: 480) claim that while qualitative-quantitative dichotomy is erroneous because both count and interpret, they do so with different understandings of what this means for their study and knowledge, and that â€Å"The more appropriate taxonomy today would be one that reflects differences in ontological and epistemological presuppositions†. For Yilmaz (2013: 312), quantitative research strictly has an objectivist epistemology and qualitative research a constructivist one.†¦show more content†¦First, ethnographies emphasise the point of view of the actor. However, as Becker (1996: 57-8) argues, this a technical rather than an epistemological point. All researchers need to interpret actions and guess meanings. What separates quan titative questionnaires and ethnography is only that ethnographers demand more accuracy in interpretation. But as Becker (1996: 59) notes, ‘†don’t make up what you could find out† hardly requires being dignified as an epistemological or philosophical position’. Second, as Bryman (1984) discusses, it is sometimes argued based on epistemologies that one research method is better than another because it revealed something that another one did not when asking the same questions. Yet there is no logic here in knowing which result is correct, and even if there was, the question being the same, we can only conclude that the research method suited the question better. Third, it is also argued that the epistemologies differ because qualitative research is exploratory and quantitative verify these explorations. This, however, in fact suggests same epistemological assumptions, because then to actually know anything that qualitative research suggests, quantitativ e verification is needed. Thus, to re-emphasise, this essay argues with Martin Trow (1957: 33) that â€Å"different kinds of information about man and society are gathered most fully and economically inShow MoreRelatedConflict Between Believer And The Unbeliever1085 Words   |  5 Pagesgeneral agreement concerning every scientific investigation, which should proceed in full consciousness from a specific starting point that in theology is the ontological Trinity. Kuyper acknowledges that around the epistemological investigation of the phenomena, there is a particular area of common territory without methodological dispute between the believer and the unbeliever. Thus, according to Kuyper’s view, there are three territories in which both the believers and unbelievers’ interpretationRead MoreIn Philosophy, There Are Going To Be Some Agreements And1393 Words   |  6 Pagesperspectives on the relationship between mind and body, and God and free will. Maria, there is no fast way to explain all of this as this takes time, so please brace yourself as I hope to provide you with a better understanding of the agreements/similarities and disagreements/differences between the two philosophers’. Similarities Descartes and Spinoza do relate with one another in some instances but they have very few similarities between making the connection between mind and body. Their shared viewsRead More Philosophy for Children Essay3725 Words   |  15 Pagespromoting critical thinking and encouraging an obligation to ones fellow inquirer. 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Rather, they are understood as logical types representing alternative modalities or structures of interaction which can cohere simultaneously inRead MoreEssay on A Philosophy of the Impersonal5155 Words   |  21 Pagesassert the value of human life as such. Leaving aside differences in ideology as well as specifically staked-out theoretical positions, no one doubts the relevance of the category of person or challenges it as the unexamined and incontrovertible presupposition of every possible perspective. This tacit conv ergence with regard to the category of person is especially obvious in a hotly debated field like bioethics. 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McCauley and Hughes give their impression: Because the nonprofit sector has some unique characteristics, we cannot necessarily generalize research results on corporate managers to managers in this sector. Nonprofit organizations missions, governance structures, funding sources, and reliance on volunteers create differences in their internal dynamic and external relationships.3 This generalizedRead MorePhenomenological: Qualitative Research and Research Methodology9542 Words   |  39 Pagesagainst empiricism, as it is more than merely empirical. Giorgi (1997, p. 236) Giorgi (1995) discusses what phenomenology can offer the science of psychology. He describes qualitative inquiry techniques as arising in reaction to a discrepancy between the natural scientific framework (adopted by psychologists as being the only scientific framework that is considered useful), and the essential characteristics of human phenomena as they spontaneously unfold in everyday life. 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But if you will allow me just one criticism of the way it formulates the question of social class, it is that it misleads one to believe that this problem can be reduced to a simple choice and resolved by a few common-sense arguments. In fact, behind the

Meet, Lead Or Lag - 1228 Words

Meet, Lead or Lag? Compensation is made up of two primary areas. Those areas are salary administration and benefits. In many companies, payroll is a role within the accounting department. In other companies, payroll is positioned in compensation. Currently, Motors and More consist of one female supervisor and four male managers. Although, Motors and More does not have an issue with providing equal pay, we will make sure the company pays every employee sufficiently. â€Å"The Equal Pay Act requires that men and women in the same workplace be given equal pay for equal work. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. Job content (not job titles) determines whether jobs are substantially equal. All forms of pay are covered by this law.† (Eeoc.gov, 2015) Motors and More will form an Equal Pay department that will need to perform a thorough review of the company’s different pay grades and levels. Motors and More will ensure that everyone no matter t he race, gender or ethnicity will not be paid outside of the minimum or maximum pay scale. This will guarantee we remain in compliant with the Equal Pay act. Each position will be graded on a five point scale. The factors that will be taken into consideration include: experience, education, level of skill and responsibility. The five point method will be defined and the monetary value will be placed in the appropriate component. Once the evaluation process is complete regarding each employees current pay, eachShow MoreRelatedThe Business World : Advantages And Limitations Of The Traditional Financial View On Organization Performance903 Words   |  4 Pagesoutcomes and the customer value proposition (Kaplan and Norton, 1996). The lead objectives are called performance drivers and they lead to the customer and financial perspectives. 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Financial Calculation Wildwood Creations Ltd

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Calculation for Wildwood Creations Ltd. Answer: Introduction: The WILDWOOD CREATIONS Ltd is involved in the business of maker, repairer and restorer of wooden outdoor entertainment furniture. The company takes charge of repairing various wooden items and if required it also makes those items. The important factor in regard to the business policy is to ensure that the company works at a pace to make create a more revenue for it. The assessment is to look into various cost aspect of the business and highlight major overruns and other factors involved in a company. The assessment will look into various segments of the business including repairing and creating new item (Duke, 2016). The business assessment is to include several other factors like assessment of salary and wages, raw materials Sam Dekkan is the owner of the company and he is aware of the fact that competition is increasing in the repair market and also in manufacturer of outdoor furniture market (Mahler, 2016). Financial Analysis: Sam Dekkan decided to have a close look in the business and the costs involved in the business to ascertain the main reason for cost overrun. He wants to understand the factors that have played important role in the business in respect of preparing flexible budget and pin pointing the variances. The company is in the business of following; Major repairs, Minor repairs, Making a variety of new outdoor furniture, like tables, bench seats, chairs, outdoor coffee tables, small storage cabinets. If the financials of the company is read properly, this would indicate that the company earns most of its revenue from repairing business. The company wants see that whether the budgetary allocation it has made is proper or not (Benge, 2016). In the next year the company has an expectation to carry out the following number of jobs; Major repairs 390 jobs Minor Repair jobs 1830 Restoration job 540 and New 520 standard outdoor tables The cost regarding completion of the jobs is allocated properly. The company also incurred some costs which are fixed in nature like salary and bonuses (Mahler, 2016). In the Books of WILDWOOD CREATIONS Schedule of Difference between Planned Out Come and Actual Results Budget Actual Variance U/F Jul-15 Jun-16 Total Revenue $947,800 $1,003,090 $55,290 F Costs: Owner Salaries - base $180,000 $180,000 Owner Salaries - bonus $47,390 $50,160 -$2,770 U Major repairs: salaries $102,480 $151,032 -$48,552 U Minor Repairs: wages employees $172,000 $172,000 - Rush Jobs: wages $4,050 $4,455 -$405 U Materials for new tables $72,800 $75,600 -$2,800 U Replacement parts $224,400 $224,945 -$545 U Transportation $44,289 $43,824 $465 F $847,409 $902,016 Contribution $100,391 $101,074 Advertising $15,000 $17,000 -$2,000 U Depreciation $6,000 $6,000 Office Rent $52,000 $54,600 -$2,600 U Miscellaneous $8,200 $7,300 $900 F $81,200 $84,900 Operating Profit $ 19,191 $ 16,174 $ (3,017) U In the Books of WILDWOOD CREATIONS Memorandum of Profit Reconciliation Account Owner Salaries - bonus $2,770 Profit As per budget $19,191 Major repairs: salaries $48,552 Revenue Increase $55,290 Rush Jobs: wages $405 Transportation $465 Materials for new tables $2,800 Miscellaneous $900 Replacement parts $545 $75,846 Advertising $2,000 Office Rent $2,600 $59,672 Profit As per Actual $16,174 In the Books of WILDWOOD CREATIONS Revised Flexible Budget Per Unit/ Hour Number of jobs Total Hours Per Unit or Hrs Cost Budget Sales Major Repairs 450 $450 $202,500 Minor Repairs 1740 $130 $226,200 New Tables 540 $680 $367,200 Rush jobs 55 $320 $17,600 Restoration Jobs 510 $320 $163,200 Total Revenue $976,700 Costs Owner Salaries - base $180,000 Owner Salaries - bonus $48,835 Salaried Employees $172,000 Major repairs: salaries 7 450 3,150 $28 $88,200 Minor Repairs: wages employees 3.1 1,740 5,394 $28 $151,032 Rush Jobs: wages 2.8 55 154 $28 $4,312 Making New Furniture 13 540 7,020 $28 $196,560 Restoration Jobs 7.5 510 3,825 $28 $107,100 Materials for new tables 540 $140 $75,600 Major Repair 450 $120 $54,000 Minor Repiar 1,740 $47 $81,780 Rush Jobs 55 $47 $2,585 Restoration Jobs 510 $47 $23,970 Transportation @35% 955.5 $38 $36,309 Contribution $1,222,283 Advertising $17,000 Depreciation $6,000 Office Rent $54,600 Miscellaneous $7,300 $84,900 Operating Profit/(Loss) $ (330,483) Some assumptions are made wile computing the flexible budget; Advertising, Depreciation Office rent and Misc. Expenses are assumed as fixed expenses. Rush job is charged at $320 a job. The indications are clear that in the company is poised make more losses in future. The break even analysis of each work has to be done separately to ascertain the breakeven point. On the company shall have to revise the rates for the jobs. Important aspect of the business is to contain the cost of the business. Here the cost of salary has increased significantly. The payment of the wages shall have to be linked to the production, so that maximum production level can be achieved if the company wants to sustain in long run. The salaries and wages are fixed or on the basis of the hours worked. Instead of Per hour calculation of wages, the company can increase output only if its shifts from the concept of wages on the basis of each job. It would have saved more man hours (Vitez, 2016). The salary to the partners is to be scraped. There should only be allocation of the profit among the partners. The salary and wages of the employees should be linked to the production. The fixed salary of the employees should be revised. The rate for major work and the rush works should have to be revised to a higher rate. The number of jobs has per man hour has to be increased. Conclusion: These policies as suggested would be the right policy for the company to sustain in the long run. The major focus should be in revision of the rates and increase of production. The comprehensive effort should be there to increase the production. The assessment factors include various side of the business (INC, 2015). References: Benge, V. A. (2016). Budgets as a Basis for Evaluating Performance. Retrieved 09 21, 2016, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/budgets-basis-evaluating-performance-82027.html Duke. (2016). How do I create a budget? Retrieved 09 13, 2016, from personalfinance.duke.edu: https://personalfinance.duke.edu/manage-your-finances/budget/discretionary-vs-non-discretionary-spending INC. (2015, 12 06). Budgets and Budgeting. Retrieved 09 09, 2016, from www.inc.com: https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/budgetsandbudgeting.html Mahler, D. (2016, 06 30). Zero-Based Budgeting Is Not a Wonder Diet for Companies. Retrieved 07 08, 2016, from hbr.org: https://hbr.org/2016/06/zero-based-budgeting-is-not-a-wonder-diet-for-companies Mohr, A. (2016). Reasons to Investigate a Budget Variance. Retrieved 09 21, 2016, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/reasons-investigate-budget-variance-47924.html Vitez, O. (2016). What Is the Role of Budgets Performance Reports? Retrieved 09 21, 2016, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/role-budgets-performance-reports-861.html